彼は息を切らしながら坂道を駆け上がった

N5 彼 kare he N3 息 iki breath, breathing N5 ながら nagara while N4 坂 saka slope, hill N5 道 michi road, path N5 上 ue on / above

N3 彼 hi / kare, kano, ka.no he, that, the N3 息 soku / iki breath, respiration, son N4 切 setsu, sai / ki.ru, -ki.ru, ki.ri, -ki.ri, -gi.ri, ki.reru, -ki.reru, ki.re, -ki.re, -gi.re cut, cutoff, be sharp N2 坂 han / saka slope, incline, hill N4 道 dou, tou / michi, iu road-way, street, district N1 駆 ku / ka.keru, ka.ru drive, run, gallop N5 上 jou, shou, shan / ue, -ue, uwa-, kami, a.geru, -a.geru, a.garu, -a.garu, a.gari, -a.gari, nobo.ru, nobo.ri, nobo.seru, nobo.su, tatematsu.ru above, up, au-dessus

N4 〜ながら nagara Indicates two simultaneous actions by the same subject, attaches to the verb stem, means doing one thing while doing another N4 〜ながらも nagara mo Indicates contrast between two ideas, attaches to verb or adjective stem, means although or despite N4 〜し shi Indicates multiple reasons or qualities, connects clauses or adjectives, means besides that, and also N5 〜が ga Marks the grammatical subject, highlights new information, can also show slight contrast in some sentences N5 〜を o Marks the direct object of an action, appears before the verb, shows what receives the action N5 〜は wa Marks the topic of the sentence, indicates what the sentence is about, can contrast with another element, organizes main information