Word
案外
Meaning in Englishunexpectedly, surprisingly
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Word context
What it means
案外 means unexpectedly or surprisingly, used to signal that the actual outcome differs from what one would assume, often describing things that are easier, cheaper, or more ordinary than expected.
Main meanings
- Describes a result that is not what one would predict, often with a sense of mild surprise.
- Placed before adjectives or verbs to highlight that something exceeds or falls short of expectations (for example, 案外安い, 案外難しい).
- Common in both spoken and written Japanese, conveying a tone of mild astonishment without strong emotion.
How to use it
Used as an adverb to modify adjectives or verbs, signaling that the outcome is contrary to initial expectations; common in casual conversation and in formal writing, typically preceding the plain forms of adjectives or verbs.
Variants and close terms
- 思いがけない — omoikagenai
- 予想外の — yosou-gai no
- 意外な — igai na
Composition
- 案: plan, idea; a proposal or design
- 外: outside, exterior; beyond
- 結合の意味: the combination creates a nuance of 'beyond the plan,' used idiomatically as an adverb to mark surprising outcomes
Etymology
From 案 (an) and 外 (gai), combining into a compound that evokes something outside a plan, later used as an adverb meaning beyond expectations.
Word class
adverb (副詞)
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