座布団
Meaning in Englishcushion (Japanese)
Animated kanji stroke order
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Word context
What it means
The Japanese word 座布団 (zabuton) means a flat, padded cushion used for sitting on the floor; it provides soft support for people sitting in traditional postures and is a common household and ceremonial furnishing in Japan.
Main meanings
- As a symbolic award or point in comedy and variety shows, where receiving a 座布団 (zabuton) signals approval or a successful joke.
- As an object famously thrown by spectators in sumo arenas to show strong displeasure or protest.
- Occasionally used figuratively to mean a small comfort or margin—similar to the English idea of a "cushion" for support or buffer.
How to use it
Commonly placed on tatami or wooden floors in homes, temples, and traditional restaurants for seiza or cross-legged sitting; used by performers such as rakugo storytellers and by guests at low tables; appears in both casual domestic settings and formal contexts where polite language (e.g., the honorific お座布団 (ozabuton)) may be used.
Variants and close terms
- クッション (kusshon) — cushion (loanword, broader modern usage).
- お座布団 (ozabuton) — polite/honorific form of 座布団 (zabuton).
- 椅子 (isu) — chair (conceptual opposite: raised seating instead of floor seating).
Composition
- 座 (za) — sit, seat; denotes sitting or a place to sit.
- 布 (fu or nu) — cloth, fabric; indicates a textile material.
- 団 (dan) — group, bundle; here it conveys a lumped or padded form.
Origin
Floor cushions for sitting have deep roots in Japan’s tatami-based interior culture; the specific padded cushion called 座布団 (zabuton) became widespread in everyday homes and teahouses by the Edo period (1603–1868) as extended floor-sitting became the norm and specialised padded seats were developed.
Word class
noun (名詞)