Word
Kana: ぼうりょく Romaji: bouryoku Level: N1

暴力

Meaning in English

violence

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Dictionary

Word context

What it means

暴力 means violence or the use of physical force or coercion against others. It encompasses bodily harm as well as threats or intimidation and applies to personal interactions, public life, and institutional settings.

Main meanings

  • Physical violence: direct harm or threat of harm using bodily force.
  • Coercion or intimidation: use of power to compel others, not always through physical harm.
  • Contextual or metaphorical use: describes aggressive behavior in discussions of policy, media, or social issues; appears in compound terms related to violence.

How to use it

Used as a noun in both formal and everyday language; typical constructions include 暴力を振るう (bouryoku o furu) and 暴力を受ける (bouryoku o ukeru); appears in compounds such as 暴力団.

Variants and close terms

  • 乱暴 (ranbō): rough, violent behavior
  • 暴行 (bōkō): assault
  • 非暴力 (hibouryoku): non-violence

Composition

  • 暴 — conveys intensity, aggression, outbreak
  • 力 — power or strength
  • Combination — violence, the exertion of force

Etymology

From the Sino-Japanese on'yomi readings of 暴 and 力, the compound expresses violent power; the modern pronunciation is bouryoku.

Origin

Borrowed via Chinese influence; earliest appearances in classical Japanese texts, later common in legal and literary discourse during the Edo period.

Word class

noun (名詞)

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